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After entering the 21st century, many countries have begun to formulate mid-to-long-term solar development plans, such as the National Photovoltaic Plan in the United States, the Japanese Sunshine Plan, and China's western provinces and autonomous regions without electricity. The solar application technology will change from monocrystalline silicon to advanced Devices, thin-film photovoltaic technology, PVMaT, photovoltaic modules, and system performance and engineering, photovoltaic applications and market development are gradually deepening in five areas.

For this reason, solar cell technology has also made great progress. Its integrated silicon solar cells are now progressing. It is divided into three types: monocrystalline silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells and amorphous silicon thin film solar cells. Currently, monocrystalline silicon solar cells The technology is the most mature, but due to the high cost of monocrystalline silicon, it will gradually be replaced by polycrystalline silicon thin film solar cells, but the most promising is amorphous silicon thin film solar cells. Second, nanocrystalline solar cells are gradually entering people's field of vision. It can obtain stable performance with extremely low production cost and simple process, and its production cost is only 1/5 to 1/10 of that of a silicon solar cell. The life span can reach more than 20 years.

With the emergence of power batteries, new energy clean energy is the general trend. Battery technology is developing in the direction of new materials and clean energy, and major breakthroughs have been made, but there are few commercial applications. The main reason is that it can not achieve low cost and Multi-capacity commitments. Therefore, current research on storage batteries for electric vehicles is still focused on lithium batteries, followed by lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and sodium batteries. Japan and the United States have the highest number of patent applications for storage batteries for electric vehicles and their management systems worldwide. Two.

In particular, the close cooperation between Tesla and Panasonic did not deliberately change the battery material, that is, the lithium battery is still used. Only by improving efficiency and improving production, battery optimization can be performed according to automobile needs. This shows that manufacturing and engineering The close integration of technology is an available way to promote the commercial application of battery technology. However, the progress of lithium batteries is limited, and the production costs are also very high. The use and recycling of lithium batteries will bring certain environmental pollution, coupled with the uneven distribution of lithium mines around the world. For example, all electric vehicles use lithium batteries, and they will still be subject to restrictions. In the case of lithium-producing countries, this is exactly the same as the status of fuel vehicles.

Therefore, according to industry insiders, in the future, electric vehicle batteries still need to develop in the direction of new materials and clean energy, such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, silicon materials, nanocrystals, etc., is to solve the high cost of batteries, environmental pollution and energy once and for all. The best way to crisis.